Mould can affect our health in several ways, and the severity of the impact depends on the type of mould and the extent of the exposure, as well as our overall immune function and underlying health conditions.
Here’s a breakdown of the main impacts:
Respiratory effects
Exposure to mould can cause irritation of our airways which can result in coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
It can also worsen symptoms in people with asthma or cause new-onset asthma in children and adults.
It can also cause allergic reactions such as sneezing, runny nose, nasal congestion, and itchy eyes.
In rare cases some people can develop Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, which is inflammation of lung tissue from prolonged exposure.
Immune allergy reactions
Some moulds release spores and fragments that trigger immune responses and people with mould allergies may have strong reactions even to small amounts.
Immunocompromised individuals are more vulnerable to fungal infections from mould exposure.
Toxic effects (mycotoxins)
Certain mould species can produce mycotoxins which can contribute to symptoms such as chronic fatigue, headaches, brain fog, joint pain, and skin irritation.
Long-term, high-level exposure can affect the nervous system and immune function.
Skin and eye irritation
Direct contact can cause rashes, itchiness, or redness and spores in the air can cause itchy, watery, or red eyes.
Chronic exposure risks
Prolonged mould exposure in damp environments can contribute to chronic inflammatory response syndrome (CIRS) in sensitive individuals. It may also worsen pre-existing chronic illnesses, especially respiratory and autoimmune conditions.
Listen to my interview with Brad Kirsten from Radio Cape Pulpit on 14 August 2025 to learn more. Listen to my next interview on Thursday at 7.45am.